bisra a écrit 10 commentaires

Je dvrais peut-être tenter:

sudo mount /dev/sda2 mnt/system/boot ?

Merci de ta patience,

J'ai tenté la manip que tu m'indique:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/system/boot/efi
[sudo] Mot de passe de jean :
mount: /mnt/system/boot/efi: le point de montage n'existe pas

Ce que je crois comprendre:
- Je ne peux démarrer le pc que avec une clé live AntiX,
- le démarrage linux se fait sur /dev/sda2

Je ne sais pas ce que j'ai bricolé mais il semble que SDA1 est reformatée en type esp

Je crois que j'ai tout cassé.

Voici ce que donne l'utilitaire boot-info

[20251203_1230]

============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================

 => No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.

sda1: __________________________________________________________________________

    File system:       vfat
    Boot sector type:  FAT32
    Boot sector info:  No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
    Operating System:  
    Boot files:        

sda2: __________________________________________________________________________

    File system:       ext4
    Boot sector type:  -
    Boot sector info: 
    Operating System:  Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
    Boot files:        /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /etc/default/grub

sdb: ___________________________________________________________________________

    File system:       iso9660
    Boot sector type:  Grub2 (v1.99-2.00)
    Boot sector info:  Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) is installed in the boot sector of 
                       sdb and looks at sector 0 of the same hard drive for 
                       core.img, but core.img can not be found at this 
                       location.
    Mounting failed:   mount: /mnt/BootInfo/FD/sdb: /dev/sdb déjà monté ou point de montage actif.


================================ 1 OS detected =================================

OS#1 (linux):   Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS on sda2

================================ Host/Hardware =================================

CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] EFI VGA from Intel Corporation
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS, jammy, x86_64)

===================================== UEFI =====================================

BIOS/UEFI firmware: N1GET72W (1.51 )(1.51) from LENOVO
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 001B
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0001,0000,0017,0018,0019,001A,001B,001C
Boot0000* Windows OBI 10.0.02.0f    HD(2,GPT,6bbda134-510b-4d1b-a438-24a567b73e0f,0xa00800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...S................
Boot0001* ubuntu    HD(1,GPT,6db309ee-be52-4c34-a257-ca865c1d8829,0x800,0x100000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot0010  Setup FvFile(721c8b66-426c-4e86-8e99-3457c46ab0b9)
Boot0011  Boot Menu FvFile(126a762d-5758-4fca-8531-201a7f57f850)
Boot0012  Diagnostic Splash Screen  FvFile(a7d8d9a6-6ab0-4aeb-ad9d-163e59a7a380)
Boot0013  Lenovo Diagnostics    FvFile(3f7e615b-0d45-4f80-88dc-26b234958560)
Boot0014  Startup Interrupt Menu    FvFile(f46ee6f4-4785-43a3-923d-7f786c3c8479)
Boot0015  Rescue and Recovery   FvFile(665d3f60-ad3e-4cad-8e26-db46eee9f1b5)
Boot0016  MEBx Hot Key  FvFile(ac6fd56a-3d41-4efd-a1b9-870293811a28)
Boot0017* USB CD    VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,86701296aa5a7848b66cd49dd3ba6a55)
Boot0018* USB FDD   VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,6ff015a28830b543a8b8641009461e49)
Boot0019* NVMe0 VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,001c199932d94c4eae9aa0b6e98eb8a400)
Boot001A* ATA HDD0  VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,91af625956449f41a7b91f4f892ab0f600)
Boot001B* USB HDD   VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,33e821aaaf33bc4789bd419f88c50803)
Boot001C* PCI LAN   VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,78a84aaf2b2afc4ea79cf5cc8f3d3803)
Boot001D* IDER BOOT CDROM   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x16,0x2)/Ata(0,1,0)
Boot001E* IDER BOOT Floppy  PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x16,0x2)/Ata(0,0,0)
Boot001F* ATA HDD   VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,91af625956449f41a7b91f4f892ab0f6)
Boot0020* ATAPI CD  VenMsg(bc7838d2-0f82-4d60-8316-c068ee79d25b,aea2090adfde214e8b3a5e471856a354)


============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================

Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________

sda : is-GPT,   no-BIOSboot,    has---ESP,  not-usb,    not-mmc, has-os,    no-wind,    2048 sectors * 512 bytes

Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________

sda1    : no-os,    64, nopakmgr,   no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall,  no-grubenv, noupdategrub,   not-far
sda2    : is-os,    64, apt-get,    signed grub-pc grub-efi ,   grub2,  grub-install,   grubenv-ok, update-grub,    end-after-100GB

Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________

sda1    : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab,  no-nt,  no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid,   no-bmgr,    notwinboot, vfat
sda2    : isnotESP, fstab-has-bad-efi,  no-nt,  no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid,   no-bmgr,    notwinboot, ext4

Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________

sda1    : not--sepboot, no---boot,  part-has-no-fstab,  not-sep-usr,    no---usr,   part-has-no-fstab,  no--grub.d, sda
sda2    : not--sepboot, with-boot,  fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr,    with--usr,  fstab-without-usr,  std-grub.d, sda

fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________

Disk sda: 238.47 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Disk identifier: 7F479630-3D82-4E1A-AE62-3CB0724E9331
       Start       End   Sectors  Size Type
sda1     2048   1050623   1048576  512M EFI System
sda2  1050624 500117503 499066880  238G Linux filesystem
Disk sdb: 7.36 GiB, 7900845056 bytes, 15431338 sectors
Disk identifier: F45E2FA1-C5A6-4D79-876F-C8245AF921E0
       Start      End Sectors  Size Type
sdb1       64  9828451 9828388  4.7G Microsoft basic data
sdb2  9828452  9838519   10068  4.9M EFI System
sdb3  9838520  9839119     600  300K Microsoft basic data
sdb4  9842688 15431274 5588587  2.7G Linux filesystem

parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________

sda:256GB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA SanDisk SD8TN8U2:;
1:1049kB:538MB:537MB:fat32::boot, esp;
2:538MB:256GB:256GB:ext4::;
sdb:7901MB:scsi:512:512:gpt:SanDisk Cruzer Edge:;
1:32.8kB:5032MB:5032MB::ISO9660:hidden, msftdata;
2:5032MB:5037MB:5155kB::Appended2:boot, esp;
3:5037MB:5038MB:307kB::Gap1:hidden, msftdata;
4:5039MB:7901MB:2861MB:ext4::;

blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________

NAME   FSTYPE   UUID                                 PARTUUID                             LABEL                    PARTLABEL
sda                                                                                                                
├─sda1 vfat     5CF2-8015                            949e6706-d408-44f4-b4ac-7bb35bf47d13                          
└─sda2 ext4     1677d603-595c-451e-aec9-28177b22674b 9a402792-39d7-4a0b-b229-3138f14acbe4                          
sdb    iso9660  2023-08-08-01-19-05-00                                                    Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS amd64 
├─sdb1 iso9660  2023-08-08-01-19-05-00               f45e2fa1-c5a6-4d79-876e-c8245af921e0 Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS amd64 ISO9660
├─sdb2 vfat     F7DB-4D56                            f45e2fa1-c5a6-4d79-876d-c8245af921e0 ESP                      Appended2
├─sdb3                                               f45e2fa1-c5a6-4d79-876c-c8245af921e0                          Gap1
└─sdb4 ext4     4661e872-4dd3-40d6-a2a5-02f3445547d8 cce9a753-4796-3b4a-9013-e52cb65a12ed writable                 

Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________

                                                              Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1                                                      511M   0% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
/dev/sda2                                                     61.4G  69% /media/ubuntu/1677d603-595c-451e-aec9-28177b22674b
/dev/sdb1                                                         0 100% /cdrom

Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________

/dev/sda1                                                     vfat            rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
/dev/sda2                                                     ext4            rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,errors=remount-ro
/dev/sdb1                                                     iso9660         ro,noatime,nojoliet,check=s,map=n,blocksize=2048,iocharset=utf8

====================== sda2/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================

Ubuntu   1677d603-595c-451e-aec9-28177b22674b
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
UEFI Firmware Settings   uefi-firmware
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###

========================== sda2/etc/fstab (filtered) ===========================

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=1677d603-595c-451e-aec9-28177b22674b /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=86A6-69D5  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
/swapfile                                 none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/sdb /mnt/sdb auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,noauto,x-gvfs-show 0 0

======================= sda2/etc/default/grub (filtered) =======================

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

==================== sda2: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================

           GiB - GB             File                                 Fragment(s)
  58,956974030 = 63,304568832   boot/grub/grub.cfg                             2
 157,121135712 = 168,707534848  boot/vmlinuz                                   2
  82,175823212 = 88,235618304   boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-138-generic                2
 157,121135712 = 168,707534848  boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-139-generic                2
  82,175823212 = 88,235618304   boot/vmlinuz.old                               2
 159,391597748 = 171,145424896  boot/initrd.img                               11
 140,407222748 = 150,761107456  boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-138-generic             8
 159,391597748 = 171,145424896  boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-139-generic            11
 140,407222748 = 150,761107456  boot/initrd.img.old                            8

===================== sda2: ls -l /etc/grub.d/ (filtered) ======================

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18224 Jan 11  2022 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 42359 Sep  8  2020 10_linux_zfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13101 Dec 18  2022 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12059 Apr 15  2020 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  1424 Apr 15  2020 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   700 Feb 21  2022 35_fwupd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   214 Apr 15  2020 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   216 Apr 15  2020 41_custom



Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________

The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would reinstall the grub-efi of
sda2,
using the following options:  sda1/boot/efi
Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s use-standard-efi-file

Final advice in case of suggested repair: ______________________________________

Please do not forget to make your UEFI firmware boot on the Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS entry (sda1/efi/****/grub****.efi (**** will be updated in the final message) file) !

J'ai regardé ce qu'il y a dans sda1: Il n'y a rien du tout. C'est normal puisque sda1 a été reformatée en ext4.

Je n sais plus quoi faire.

Voilà ce que me donne gparted:

/dev/sda1 EFI System Partition ext4 toto 512.00 Mio
/dev/sda2 ext4 237.97 Gio

En fait, j'avais par erreur reformaté sda1 en ext4 croyant formater une clé usb.

En faisant cela, j'ai sans doute effacé tout le boot. Voilà ce qui arrive lorsque l'on va trop vite et sans faire attention. Je m'en veux!

J'ai éteint le pc et redémarré.

Pas de changement. Le démarrage ne se fait que avec la clé usb antiX-Live que j'enlève après le démarrage de ubuntu.

Je suppose que le system doit être réinstallé dans sda1 mais c'est une hypothèse et je suis incapable de le faire.

J'ai fait toute laséquence que tu as préconisé et à la fin j'ai eu ça:

root@jean-ThinkPad-Yoga-260:/# grub-install
Installation pour la plate-forme x86_64-efi.
grub-install : erreur : impossible de trouver le répertoire EFI.

J'ai un peu la trouille là…

J'ai utilisé l'utilitaire 'deja-dup' pour sauvegarder la totalité de mon répertoire USER.

La grande patition c'est /dev/sda2 ? Comment je fais pour la monter? J'avoue que je n'ai pas le niveau là!

A Chris:

Merci beaucoup pour tes infos.
Je n'ose pas pour l'instant modifier mon disque. Je vais avant cela essayer de trouver un disque usb pour sauvegarder mes données.

Voilà voilà:

Je précise que j'ai enlevé la clé usb.

jean@jean-ThinkPad-Yoga-260:~$ sudo lsblk -f
[sudo] Mot de passe de jean :
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
loop0
squash 0 100% /snap/bare
loop1
squash 0 100% /snap/blen
loop2
squash 0 100% /snap/blen
loop3
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop4
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop5
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop6
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop7
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop8
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop9
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop10
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop11
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop12
squash 0 100% /snap/core
loop13
squash 0 100% /snap/cups
loop14
squash 0 100% /snap/cups
loop15
squash 0 100% /snap/ffmp
loop16
squash 0 100% /snap/ffmp
loop17
squash 0 100% /snap/free
loop18
squash 0 100% /snap/flip
loop19
squash 0 100% /snap/free
loop20
squash 0 100% /snap/gimp
loop21
squash 0 100% /snap/gimp
loop22
squash 0 100% /snap/glan
loop23
squash 0 100% /snap/glat
loop24
squash 0 100% /snap/glat
loop25
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop26
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop27
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop28
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop29
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop30
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop31
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop32
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop33
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop34
squash 0 100% /snap/gnom
loop35
squash 0 100% /snap/gtk2
loop36
squash 0 100% /snap/gtk-
loop37
squash 0 100% /snap/gtk-
loop38
squash 0 100% /snap/kde-
loop39
squash 0 100% /snap/kde-
loop40
squash 0 100% /snap/kde-
loop41
squash 0 100% /snap/kf5-
loop42
squash 0 100% /snap/kf5-
loop43
squash 0 100% /snap/kica
loop44
squash 0 100% /snap/kica
loop45
squash 0 100% /snap/mesa
loop46
squash 0 100% /snap/mesa
loop47
squash 0 100% /snap/nano
loop48
squash 0 100% /snap/nmap
loop49
squash 0 100% /snap/nmap
loop50
squash 0 100% /snap/only
loop51
squash 0 100% /snap/only
loop52
squash 0 100% /snap/pinb
loop53
squash 0 100% /snap/pyqt
loop54
squash 0 100% /snap/pyth
loop55
squash 0 100% /snap/pyth
loop56
squash 0 100% /snap/qt51
loop57
squash 0 100% /snap/qt51
loop58
squash 0 100% /snap/qt51
loop59
squash 0 100% /snap/rpi-
loop60
squash 0 100% /snap/rpi-
loop61
squash 0 100% /snap/snap
loop62
squash 0 100% /snap/snap
loop63
squash 0 100% /snap/snap
loop64
squash 0 100% /snap/snap
loop65
squash 0 100% /snap/tio/
loop66
squash 0 100% /snap/spac
loop67
squash 0 100% /snap/tio/
loop68
squash 0 100% /snap/vlc/
loop69
squash 0 100% /snap/vlc/
loop70
squash 0 100% /snap/vasm
sda

├─sda1
│ ext4 toto 43697416-a84c-4bb2-9b2b-dd5535d515fc

└─sda2
ext4 1677d603-595c-451e-aec9-28177b22674b 26,1G 84% /
jean@jean-ThinkPad-Yoga-260:~$